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<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Математическая физика и компьютерное моделирование</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2587-6325</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6902</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15688/mpcm.jvolsu.2023.1.5</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Моделирование восстановления инвазионной популяции после депрессии в уравнении c пороговым запаздывающим противодействием</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modeling recovery effect from the invasive population depression by the threshold and delayed equation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Переварюха</surname><given-names>Андрей Юрьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Perevaryukha</surname><given-names>Andrey YU.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><email>temp_elf@mail.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1049-0096</contrib-id></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences(Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский Федеральный исследовательский центр РАН( г. Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2023-02-01"><day>01</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-01-10"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-01-29"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xlink:title="CC BY-NC 4.0"><ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</ali:license_ref><license-p xml:lang="ru">CC BY-NC 4.0</license-p></license></permissions><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рассмотрена задача моделирования экстремальных инвазионных процессов с пороговым активным противодействием окружения. Для анализа актуальных сценариев инвазий в биосистемы предложена модель, которая позволяет описывать эффекты депрессии при инвазионном процессе и быстрой фазы повторного роста популяции. B уравнении формализовано явление, когда зависящие от времени факторы при регуляции воспроизводства и противодействия конкурируют с запаздыванием. Цель работы — построение модели для описания прохождения кризиса при стремительном захвате ареала c интерпретацией параметров временного запаздывания. Для демонстрации путей развития популяционного процесса при критической инвазии мы применяем уравнения с запаздыванием. Использование популяционных моделей ©Переварюха А.Ю., 2023 с отклоняющимся аргументом ˙x = rF(xk(t−τ))−Ψ(xm(t−ν)) феноменологически описывает специфические ситуации в экологическом противодействии и в быстро развивающихся инвазионных процессах без возникновения циклов. Действие запаздывания в модели нами разделено на регуляционное внутреннее и адаптационное, co стороны биотического окружения. Описан в вычислительном эксперименте эффект резкой, но краткой популяционной депрессии. Проведено вычислительное исследование влияния заданного начального состояния инвазионной группы и времени активации противодействия на преодоление депрессии. Практическая значимость заключается в моделировании сценария интродукции против вселенца его естественного врага, для активности которого важна высокая численность. Исследован сценарий, когда специальный выпуск паразитов против нежелательного чужеродного вида не будет эффективным средством, что показано на примере адаптивного бактериального антивирусного механизма. Подтверждено, что действие запаздывания при моделировании инвазий нецелесообразно отождествлять с характеристиками биологических видов. Модель применима для анализа хронического инфекционного процесса при подавленной иммунной активации.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>The article discusses the modeling of extreme invasive processes using the formalization of the threshold resistance. To analyze the diversity of invasion scenarios into biosystems, it is interesting to model the crisis in the equation, where time factors in the regulation of reproduction and resistance compete. The aim of the work is to substantiate a model for describing the effect of the passage of a crisis during a rapid seizure of an area with an interpretation of the parameters of the time lag. To demonstrate the ways of development of the population process during invasion, we have developed equations with delay for actual ecological situations. The use of population models with a deviating argument ˙x = rF(xk(t−τ))−Ψ(xm(t−ν)) phenomenologically describes specific situations in ecological resistance and in rapidly developing invasive processes without the occurrence of cycles. The action of delay in the model is divided by us into regulatory internal and adaptive, from the side of the biotic environment. The effect of a sharp but brief population depression is described in a computational experiment. A computational study of the influence of a given initial state of the invasive group and the activation time of the counteraction on overcoming the depression was carried out. The practical significance lies in modeling the introduction scenario against the invader of its natural enemy, for whose activity a high population is important. A scenario has been studied when a special release of parasites against an unwanted alien species will not be an effective means, which is shown by the example of an adaptive bacterial antivirus. It has been confirmed that it is inappropriate to identify the effect of delay in modeling invasions with the characteristics of biological species. The model is applicable to the analysis of the infectious process in a suppressed immune response</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>запаздывание в регуляции процессов</kwd><kwd>инвазии</kwd><kwd>критические сценарии популяционной динамики</kwd><kwd>адаптационные механизмы в моделях</kwd><kwd>пороговые состояния</kwd><kwd>эффект внезапного кризиса</kwd><kwd>динамика COVID-19 в Бразилии и Канаде</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>delay in the regulation of processes</kwd><kwd>invasive spices</kwd><kwd>critical scenarios of population dynamics</kwd><kwd>adaptation mechanisms in models</kwd><kwd>threshold states</kwd><kwd>the effect of a sudden crisis</kwd><kwd>COVID-19 in Brasilia and Canada.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Проекта PHФ № 23-21-00339.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the Project PHФ No. 23-21-00339.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Борисова, Т. 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