Математическая физика и компьютерное моделирование2587-63252587-690210.15688/mpcm.jvolsu.2026.2.3OtherЧИСЛЕННОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ДИНАМИКИ ДВУХФАЗНЫХ ПОТОКОВ В СЕПАРАТОРАХ СО ВСТРЕЧНЫМИ ЗАКРУЧЕННЫМИ ПОТОКАМИ: МНОГОФАКТОРНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ВЛИЯНИЯ ГЕОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ И РЕЖИМНЫХ ПАРАМЕТРОВNUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TWO-PHASE FLOW DYNAMICS IN COUNTER-CURRENT SWIRL SEPARATORS: MULTIFACTOR ANALYSIS OF GEOMETRIC AND OPERATIONAL PARAMETERSСавинЕгорSavinEgore.s.savin@volsu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7915-121XХоперсковАлександрKhoperskovAlexanderkhoperskov@volsu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0149-7947Volgograd State UniversityVolgogradRussian FederationВолгоградский государственный университетВолгоградРоссийская Федерация2710202629230522906202631072026https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/CC BY 4.0

Работа посвящена повышению эффективности центробежной очистки газов от мелкодисперсных фракций (PM2.5) в сепараторах со встречными закрученными потоками (ВЗП). Для стандартизации терминологии в международной практике предложено использовать обобщающий термин Counter-Current Swirl Separators (CCSS). Динамика несущей фазы моделируется на основе стационарных уравнений Рейнольдса (RANS) с учетом модели переноса рейнольдсовых напряжений (RSM). Дисперсная фаза рассчитывается в лагранжевом приближении с помощью оригинального программного CUDA-модуля на GPU для непрерывного расчета траекторий ансамблей твердых частиц. Разработан новый метод оценки сепарационных характеристик ВЗП-аппаратов. В рамках единой методики объединены численные гидродинамические расчеты (CFD) и методы математической статистики на основе многофакторного планирования эксперимента. Использование методологии равномерного заполнения пространства параметров на базе оптимизированного латинского гиперкуба (Maximin LHS) позволило сформировать сбалансированную выборку численных экспериментов для динамики двухфазной среды. Выполнен многомерный анализ чувствительности целевой функции на основе медианного значения диаметра твердых частиц d50 посредством вариации шести управляющих геометрических и режимных параметров. Предложенная методология позволила количественно ранжировать исследуемые факторы по степени их влияния на фракционную эффективность. Выявлены скрытые эффекты маскирования второстепенных параметров доминирующими геометрическими характеристиками, а также локализованы области нелинейного поведения системы при взаимодействии встречных вихревых структур. В работе предложен и описан комплексный технико-экономический критерий эффективности аппарата, объединяющий аэродинамические и сепарационные параметры, что формирует математический базис для последующей многокритериальной оптимизации геометрии сепаратора. Полученные корреляционные матрицы Пирсона и Спирмена подтверждают преимущественно монотонный характер откликов системы в исследованных диапазонах и определяют границы применимости для последующего построения непрерывных суррогатных моделей.

This paper addresses efficiency optimization of centrifugal gas cleaning from fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in cyclone-type devices utilizing two opposing swirled flows. To unify various literature terms describing this hydrodynamic scheme – such as dual-vortex, opposed-swirl, or counter-current swirl configurations – we propose the comprehensive term “Counter-Current Swirl Separators” (CCSS). A defining physical feature of CCSS is the introduction of an axially swirled lower inlet stream that directly interacts with the upper vortex structure. The separation characteristics of the apparatus were evaluated using a combined computational and statistical approach. This methodology relies on a multi-factor design of experiments. In particular, a dataset of 60 numerical runs was generated via a maximin Latin Hypercube Sampling (Maximin LHS) strategy. This space-filling design provided data for a multi-dimensional sensitivity analysis. The cut-off diameter d50 was selected as the main objective function. The analysis covered joint variations of six key geometric and operational para- meters. As a result, the investigated factors were quantitatively ranked by their impact on fractional efficiency. The approach also revealed hidden masking effects and localized regions of non-linear system behavior during the vortex interaction. A comprehensive technical and economic criterion was introduced to evaluate the apparatus performance. This approach establishes a mathematical foundation for subsequent multi-objective optimization of the separator geometry. The resulting Pearson and Spearman correlation matrices confirm a predominantly monotonic response of the system within the studied ranges. These matrices define the validity boundaries for future continuous surrogate modeling.

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